Rameshwar's IAS

Green Revolution in India

Tags: Gig Economy Economy WTO WTO Public Stockholding MSP Economic Growth Masala Bond Environmental Performance Index Forecast of Economic Growth Functions of the Finance Commission

The adoption of technology, such as the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, mechanized farm tools, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers, transformed Indian agriculture into a modern industrial system during the Green Revolution, which began in the 1960s.This period was mostly led by agricultural scientist M. S. Swaminathan in India. It was part of the larger Green Revolution project started by Norman E. Borlaug, which used technology and research in agriculture to boost agricultural productivity in developing countries. The Green Revolution in India began in 1968 under Congress leader Lal Bahadur Shastri as prime minister. This led to an increase in the production of food grains, particularly in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.

The creation of rust-resistant wheat strains and high-yielding wheat varieties were significant milestones in this endeavor. The drawn out impacts of green transformation have been examined by preservationists like Vandana Shiva and other people who say that it caused more noteworthy ecological, monetary and humanistic issues like dry seasons, rustic obligation and rancher suicides. Chemical use has been reported to be deteriorating the soil, which has resulted in the collapse of agricultural systems in many parts of the country and has had a negative impact on farmers, food, and water supplies.

The goals of the Green Revolution are as follows:

a) Addressing India's hunger crisis (GR was launched in the second five-year plan to address the crisis)

b) Long-Term: overall modernization of agriculture based on rural and industrial growth (infrastructure, raw materials, consumer, etc.)

c) Creation of jobs

d) Perform research and biological tests: to make stronger plants that can withstand diseases and harsh conditions.

e) To make agriculture more global: by introducing technology to non-industrialized nations and establishing a large number of corporations in important agricultural regions A.

The benefits of the Green Revolution are as follows:

1. Expansion in Rural Creation: From 1967 to 1968, the Green Revolution was implemented, which led to a phenomenal increase in the production of agricultural crops, particularly food grains. The Green Revolution started in 1967 with the goal of starting a Grain Revolution. The wheat crop also benefited the most from the Green Revolution, out of all the food grains. Between 1967-1968 and 2003-2004, the production of wheat increased more than three times, while the production of cereals as a whole increased only twice. This is why it is said that India's Green Revolution is largely the Wheat Revolution.

2. The Wealth of Farmers: The farmers' incomes also increased and they became prosperous as farm production increased. This has been especially true for large farmers with more than 10 hectares of land.

3. Reduced imports of grains for food: The primary benefit of the Green Revolution was the significant decrease in imports of food grains due to an increase in grain production. India had sufficient grain stocks in the central pool and was now food grain self-sufficient. We occasionally also have the ability to export food grains. Despite the rapid growth in the population, the net availability of food grains per capita has also increased, rising from 395 grams per day in the early 1950s to 436 grams in 2003.Dantwala says that Green Revolution has given time to breathe. As a result, planners will concentrate more on Indian planning and will feel less anxious about food shortages.

4. Farming under capitalism: Big farmers with more than 10 hectares of land typically invest a lot of money in various inputs like HYV seeds, fertilizers, machines, and so on to maximize the benefits of Green Revolution technology. This has empowered free enterprise cultivating.

5. Taking a cut back on profits: The farmers' incomes increased as a result of the Green Revolution's implementation. For the purpose of increasing agricultural productivity, farmers expended their surplus income. Agriculture saw further advancement as a result of this. According to a Punjab Agriculture University study; Ludhiana farmers devote approximately 55% of their income to agricultural development.

6.Industrial expansion: Large-scale farm mechanization brought about by the Green Revolution led to a demand for various machines like tractors, harvesters, threshers, combines, diesel engines, electric motors, pumping sets, and others. In addition, demand for chemical fertilizers, insecticides, weed killers, and other products surged. As a result, the industries that made these products made huge strides. In addition, a number of agricultural products serve as raw materials for a variety of industries. Agro-based industries are the name given to these businesses.

7. Rural Workforce: While the introduction of Green Revolution technology in India raised concerns about widespread unemployment as a result of farming mechanization, multiple cropping and fertilizer use significantly increased labor demand.

Questions ? Contact Us