Merits and Demerits of Land Reforms in India

Merits and Demerits of Land Reforms in India

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It has been noted that land ownership becomes a deciding factor in the manufacturing process that combines labour and land. Thus, there is an impact on the production and distribution of agricultural products. Land reforms seek to improve the socioeconomic circumstances of those whose livelihoods depend on agriculture in a variety of ways. For countries with a sizable agricultural base, the quality and quantity of land being used productively is essential to progress. Land Reform in India aimed to promote equity in land ownership by moving it from the wealthy to the poor. India's large inequalities and inconsistent allocation of agricultural lands sparked unrest and uprising among rural communities. Since winning its independence, India has adopted a series of land reforms to give farmers more power. Some essential actions include the following:

• The dismantling of the Zamindari system and the recognition of peasants' ownership rights to the land.

• Tenancy reforms that acknowledge renters' usage of real estate and regulate the determination of rent.

• A campaign to encourage landowners to contribute arable land for the benefit of the general public and society.

• The National Land Records Modernization program's updated records will improve disclosure of land holdings.

Merits of India's Land Reforms

• Following the elimination of middlemen, approximately 2 crore tenants acquired ownership of the land they cultivated.

• By eliminating middlemen, a parasitic species has gone extinct.

• Private woodlands and significant stretches of fertile wasteland that belonged to the middlemen are now mostly controlled by the State.

• The government has taken over more land to provide to farmers who lack access to land.

• Farmers have access to the government directly when the law was overturned.

Demerits of India's Land Reforms

• Despite the collapse of the zamindari, land ownership, sharecropping and other institutions persisted in many areas.

• In the multi-layered agricultural framework, just the top layer of landlords was eliminated. It resulted in numerous evictions.

• As a result of the mass eviction, there are several social, economic, administrative, and legal issues.

In order to conduct a thorough investigation of the nation's contemporary agrarian relations, the government established the Agrarian Reforms Committee, headed by J.C. Kumarapppa, after India gained independence. The group proposed eliminating all middlemen between the state and the tiller and establishing the tiller as the sole owner of the land, subject to some limitations.